TM vs. ®: What's the Difference?

These two symbols look similar and get confused constantly, but they signal very different legal statuses.

TM (and SM)

The "TM" symbol signals that you're claiming a word, phrase or logo as a trademark for goods, even without formal registration completed — "SM" is the equivalent for services. In many jurisdictions, you can use these symbols as soon as you begin using the mark in commerce, asserting common-law trademark rights, whether or not you've filed for registration.

® (Registered)

The "®" symbol is reserved specifically for marks that have completed formal registration with the relevant trademark office. Using it before registration is finalized is a legal misstep in most jurisdictions — including the U.S. — and can undermine your credibility, or worse, in a legal dispute.

Why the distinction matters practically

Using "TM" while your application is pending is a reasonable, common practice that signals your claim without overstating your legal status. Switching to "®" only once registration is actually granted keeps your usage accurate and defensible.

The short version

Use "TM" to assert a claim before or during the registration process; reserve "®" strictly for marks that have completed formal registration.