A short, clear contract protects both sides of a design project — it isn't just paperwork, it's what prevents the vague disagreements that sink otherwise good working relationships.
Scope and deliverables
Exactly what's being designed (logo, full identity, specific collateral) and exactly what files you'll receive at the end — spelled out, not implied.
Timeline and milestones
Key dates for concept presentation, feedback deadlines, and final delivery, so both sides know what "on schedule" means.
Revisions
A specific number of included revision rounds, and the cost of additional rounds beyond that — this single clause prevents most scope-creep disputes.
Payment terms
Total cost, payment schedule (commonly a deposit plus milestone or final payments), and what happens if a payment is missed.
Ownership and rights
A clear statement that full copyright transfers to the client upon final payment — this is the single most important clause to confirm before signing.
Cancellation terms
What happens, and what's owed, if either party ends the project early.
The short version
A solid contract covers scope, timeline, revision limits, payment terms, ownership transfer, and cancellation terms. If a designer resists putting these in writing, treat that as information.